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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>aptitude user's manual</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="aptitude.css" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="aptitude user's manual" /><link rel="next" href="pr01.html" title="Introduction" /><link rel="preface" href="pr01.html" title="Introduction" /><link rel="chapter" href="ch01.html" title="Chapter 1. Getting started" /><link rel="chapter" href="ch02.html" title="Chapter 2. aptitude reference guide" /><link rel="chapter" href="ch03.html" title="Chapter 3. aptitude frequently asked questions" /><link rel="chapter" href="ch04.html" title="Chapter 4. Credits" /><link rel="reference" href="rn01.html" title="Command-line reference" /><link rel="refentry" href="rn01re01.html" title="aptitude" /><link rel="refentry" href="rn01re02.html" title="aptitude-create-state-bundle" /><link rel="refentry" href="rn01re03.html" title="aptitude-run-state-bundle" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center"><span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span> user's manual</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="pr01.html"><img src="images/next.gif" alt="Next" /></a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div xml:lang="en" class="book" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="idm1"></a><span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span> user's manual</h1></div><div><h2 class="subtitle">Version 0.8.13</h2></div><div><div class="authorgroup"><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Daniel</span> <span class="surname">Burrows</span></h3><span class="contrib">Main author of the document.</span> <code class="email">&lt;<a class="email" href="mailto:dburrows@debian.org">dburrows@debian.org</a>&gt;</code></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Manuel A.</span> <span class="surname">Fernandez Montecelo</span></h3><span class="contrib">Main maintainer after Daniel Burrows, documentation about new features, corrections and formatting.</span> <code class="email">&lt;<a class="email" href="mailto:mafm@debian.org">mafm@debian.org</a>&gt;</code></div></div></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2004-2011, 2012-2016 Daniel Burrows, Manuel A. Fernandez Montecelo</p></div><div><div class="legalnotice"><a id="idm24"></a><p>
    This manual is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
    modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
    published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
    License, or (at your option) any later version.
  </p><p>
    This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
    WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
    General Public License for more details.
  </p><p>
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this manual; if not, write to the Free Software
    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
    02110-1301 USA
  </p></div></div></div><hr /></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="preface"><a href="pr01.html">Introduction</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pr01s01.html">What is this aptitude thing, anyway?</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pr01s02.html">What is a package manager?</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pr01s03.html">What is the <code class="systemitem">apt</code> system?</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pr01s04.html">
	How can I get <span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span>?
      </a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pr01s04s01.html">Pre-built <span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span> packages, or, <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">what 99% of users should do</span>”</span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pr01s04s02.html">Building <span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span> from source code</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pr01s04s03.html">Tracking and participating in <span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span> development</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="ch01.html">1. Getting started</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s01.html">Using <span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span></a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s01s01.html"><span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span> basics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s01s02.html">Navigating the <span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span> package list</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s01s03.html">Finding packages by name</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s01s04.html">Managing packages</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s01s05.html">Updating the package list and installing packages</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s02.html">Using <span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span> from the command line</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="ch02.html">2. <span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span> reference guide</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s01.html">The <span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span> terminal user interface</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s01s01.html">Using the menus</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s01s02.html">Menu commands</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s01s03.html">Working with multiple views</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s01s04.html">Becoming <code class="systemitem">root</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s02.html">Managing packages</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s02s01.html">Managing the package list</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s02s02.html">Accessing package information</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s02s03.html">Modifying package states</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s02s04.html">Downloading, installing, and removing packages</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s02s05.html">Understanding and managing package trust</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s02s06.html">Managing automatically installed packages</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s03.html">Resolving package dependencies</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s03s01.html">Dependency resolution in <span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s03s02.html">Immediate dependency resolution</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s03s03.html">Resolving Dependencies Interactively</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s03s04.html">Costs in the interactive dependency resolver</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s03s05.html">Configuring the interactive dependency resolver</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s04.html">Search patterns</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s04s01.html">Searching for strings</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s04s02.html">Shorthand for search terms</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s04s03.html">Searches and versions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s04s04.html">Explicit search targets</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s04s05.html">Search term reference</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s05.html">Customizing <span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span></a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s05s01.html">Customizing the package list</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s05s02.html">Customizing keybindings</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s05s03.html">Customizing text colors and styles</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s05s04.html">Customizing the display layout</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s05s05.html">Configuration file reference</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s05s06.html">Themes</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch02s06.html">Playing Minesweeper</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="ch03.html">3. aptitude frequently asked questions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="ch04.html">4. Credits</a></span></dt><dt><span class="reference"><a href="rn01.html">I. Command-line reference</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="refentrytitle"><a href="rn01re01.html">aptitude</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — high-level interface to the package manager</span></dt><dt><span class="refentrytitle"><a href="rn01re02.html">aptitude-create-state-bundle</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — bundle the current aptitude state</span></dt><dt><span class="refentrytitle"><a href="rn01re03.html">aptitude-run-state-bundle</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — unpack an aptitude state bundle and invoke aptitude on it</span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="list-of-figures"><p><strong>List of Figures</strong></p><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="ch02s01s02.html#idm828">Commands available in the Actions menu</a></dt><dt>2.2. <a href="ch02s01s02.html#idm922">Commands available in the Undo menu</a></dt><dt>2.3. <a href="ch02s01s02.html#idm944">Commands available in the Package menu</a></dt><dt>2.4. <a href="ch02s01s02.html#idm1062">Commands available in the Resolver menu</a></dt><dt>2.5. <a href="ch02s01s02.html#idm1164">Commands available in the Search menu</a></dt><dt>2.6. <a href="ch02s01s02.html#idm1234">Commands available in the Options menu</a></dt><dt>2.7. <a href="ch02s01s02.html#idm1264">Commands available in the Views menu</a></dt><dt>2.8. <a href="ch02s01s02.html#idm1326">Commands available in the Help menu</a></dt><dt>2.9. <a href="ch02s02s02.html#figureCurrentFlag">Values of the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">current state</span>”</span> flag</a></dt><dt>2.10. <a href="ch02s02s02.html#figureActionFlag">Values of the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">action</span>”</span> flag</a></dt><dt>2.11. <a href="ch02s03s04.html#figureCompoundCostComponents">Syntax of compound cost components</a></dt><dt>2.12. <a href="ch02s03s04.html#figureSafetyCostLevels">Safety cost levels</a></dt><dt>2.13. <a href="ch02s04s04.html#idm2844">Syntax of the ?for term</a></dt><dt>2.14. <a href="ch02s05s03.html#figStyles">Customizable styles in <span class="command">aptitude</span></a></dt></dl></div><div class="list-of-tables"><p><strong>List of Tables</strong></p><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="ch02s03s04.html#tableBasicCostComponents">Basic cost components</a></dt><dt>2.2. <a href="ch02s03s04.html#tableDefaultSafetyCostLevels">Default safety cost levels</a></dt><dt>2.3. <a href="ch02s04s05.html#tableSearchTermQuickGuide">Quick guide to search terms</a></dt></dl></div><div class="list-of-examples"><p><strong>List of Examples</strong></p><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="ch02s03s04.html#exampleResolverCosts">Sample resolver costs</a></dt><dt>2.2. <a href="ch02s04s05.html#exampleSearchEqual">
		Use of the <code class="literal">?=</code> term.
	      </a></dt><dt>2.3. <a href="ch02s04s05.html#exampleSearchBind">Use of the <code class="literal">?bind</code> term</a></dt><dt>2.4. <a href="ch02s04s05.html#idSearchExactName">Use of the <code class="literal">?exact-name</code> term</a></dt><dt>2.5. <a href="ch02s04s05.html#exampleSearchFor">Use of the <code class="literal">?for</code> term</a></dt><dt>2.6. <a href="ch02s04s05.html#exampleTermPrefix">Use of the <code class="literal">?term-prefix</code> term</a></dt><dt>2.7. <a href="ch02s05s01.html#idm4719">Grouping policy <code class="literal">firstchar</code> or
			<code class="literal">firstchar(binary)</code></a></dt><dt>2.8. <a href="ch02s05s01.html#idm4740">Grouping policy
			<code class="literal">firstchar(source)</code></a></dt><dt>2.9. <a href="ch02s05s01.html#idm4770">Use of <code class="literal">pattern</code> to group packages by their maintainer</a></dt><dt>2.10. <a href="ch02s05s01.html#idm4789">
		    Use of <code class="literal">pattern</code> with some
		    packages placed at the top level
		  </a></dt><dt>2.11. <a href="ch02s05s01.html#examplePatternGroupingPolicyWithSubPolicies">
		    Use of the <code class="literal">pattern</code> grouping policy with sub-policies
		  </a></dt><dt>12. <a href="rn01re01.html#idm9505">Usage of <code class="literal">--show-summary</code></a></dt></dl></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="pr01.html"><img src="images/next.gif" alt="Next" /></a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top"> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Introduction</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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